Budget & Tax Policy

One of the Bell’s core areas of research is budget and tax policy, especially those issues that undergird economic mobility in Colorado. We focus on the impacts of TABOR, track budget inadequacies, explore a state graduated income tax, and much more.

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TABOR: Restrictive Tax Policy Limits Colorado’s Potential

TABOR has been in place in Colorado for over 30 years. During that time, Colorado has grown, changed, adapted, and had many successes. But the 1992 election still controls what Colorado can do and, in many ways, is a significant part of every fiscal policy decision in the state.

2025 Budget Inadequacies: Medicaid

By many measures, Colorado is a prosperous state, with a robust economy and relatively high per capita income. Behind that facade, however, is a state that can’t adequately fund a whole swath of basic government functions like K-12 education, higher education, care for older Coloradans, health care for lower income Coloradans, child care – the list goes on. Colorado is in this intractable position because of artificial government spending limits crafted with politics in mind, not pragmatism. 

Checkbox – Issues – Current Term Only
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Latest Publications

Dec 3, 2025
Unlike many other states, Colorado does not have a “rainy day fund.” The state does have reserves, which are a pot of money set aside from the General Fund to protect against declining revenues and economic downturns.
TABOR limits Colorado’s ability to meet the needs of residents by, among other things, imposing artificial limits on revenue.
Recent polling shows substantial support for a graduated income tax, which would force the wealthiest Coloradans to pay higher rates and would cut income taxes for those making less than $500,000 a year.
The Bell’s 2025 Ballot Guide is here! This year, there are just two statewide questions before voters — Props LL and MM, which deal with school lunch funding. We’ve done the research and analysis so you have the facts you need to make informed decisions.
The Protect Colorado’s Future coalition has announced plans to put a graduated income tax on the 2026 ballot. This proposal would lower taxes for 98 percent of Coloradans, while raising taxes on individuals and corporations making more than $500,000 a year.
Aug 18, 2025
A state budget out of balance by $783 million is drawing lawmakers back to the Capitol at the end of August, tasking them with rebalancing a state budget out of whack because of federal H.R.1.
Colorado’s state budget is a complex mix of revenues, expenses, and constitutional limits that has grown only modestly in recent decades, leaving key needs like education and transportation underfunded.
May 22, 2025
The package of federal budget cuts making its way through Congress would have devastating impacts on Colorado.
A graduated income tax is fairer than a flat tax and better correlates to one’s ability to pay.
With the close of the 2025 Colorado legislative session, we took stock of our state’s progress on issues key to economic mobility.